Hona joale, mochine oa motlakase oa photovoltaic oa Chaena ke haholo-holo tsamaiso ea DC, e leng ho lefisa matla a motlakase a hlahisoang ke betri ea letsatsi, 'me betri e fana ka matla ka ho toba ho mojaro.Mohlala, sistimi ea mabone a letsatsi a ka leboea-bophirima ho China le sistimi ea phepelo ea motlakase ea seteishene sa microwave e hole le grid kaofela ke sistimi ea DC.Mofuta ona oa tsamaiso o na le mohaho o bonolo le theko e tlaase.Leha ho le joalo, ka lebaka la meroalo e fapaneng ea li-voltages tsa DC (joalo ka 12V, 24V, 48V, joalo-joalo), ho thata ho fihlela maemo le ho lumellana ha sistimi, haholo bakeng sa matla a sechaba, kaha boholo ba meroalo ea AC e sebelisoa ka matla a DC. .Ho thata hore motlakase oa photovoltaic o fane ka motlakase ho kena 'marakeng e le thepa.Ho phaella moo, ho hlahisa matla a photovoltaic qetellong ho tla finyella ts'ebetso e amanang le grid, e lokelang ho amohela mohlala oa 'maraka o hōlileng tsebong.Nakong e tlang, mekhoa ea ho hlahisa matla a photovoltaic ea AC e tla fetoha mokhoa o ka sehloohong oa ho hlahisa matla a photovoltaic.
Litlhoko tsa tsamaiso ea motlakase ea photovoltaic bakeng sa phepelo ea motlakase oa inverter
Sistimi ea ho hlahisa matla a photovoltaic e sebelisang matla a motlakase a AC e na le likarolo tse 'ne: sethala sa photovoltaic, sesebelisoa sa ho tjhaja le ho lahla, betri le inverter (mokhoa oa motlakase o amanang le grid o ka boloka betri ka kakaretso), mme inverter ke karolo ea bohlokoa.Photovoltaic e na le litlhoko tse phahameng tsa li-inverters:
1. Ho hlokahala bokhoni bo phahameng.Ka lebaka la theko e phahameng ea lisele tsa letsatsi hona joale, e le ho eketsa tšebeliso ea lisele tsa letsatsi le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea tsamaiso, hoa hlokahala ho leka ho ntlafatsa katleho ea inverter.
2. Ho tšepahala ho phahameng hoa hlokahala.Hona joale, lisebelisoa tsa motlakase oa photovoltaic li sebelisoa haholo-holo libakeng tse ka thōko, 'me liteishene tse ngata tsa motlakase ha li hlokomeloe ebile lia hlokomeloa.Sena se hloka hore inverter e be le sebopeho se loketseng sa potoloho, khetho e tiileng ea karolo, 'me e hloka hore inverter e be le mesebetsi e fapaneng ea ts'ireletso, joalo ka ts'ireletso ea khokahano ea DC Polarity, ts'ireletso ea potoloho e khuts'oane ea AC, ho chesa haholo, ts'ireletso e feteletseng, jj.
3. Motlakase oa motlakase oa DC o hlokahalang ho ba le mefuta e mengata ea ho ikamahanya le maemo.Kaha motlakase oa betri o fetoha le mojaro le matla a khanya ea letsatsi, le hoja betri e na le phello ea bohlokoa ho matla a betri, matla a betri a fetoha le phetoho ea matla a setseng a betri le ho hanyetsa ka hare.Haholo-holo ha betri e tsofala, matla a eona a ho qetela a fapana haholo.Ka mohlala, motlakase oa motlakase oa betri ea 12 V o ka fapana ho tloha ho 10 V ho ea ho 16 V. Sena se hloka hore inverter e sebetse ho DC e khōloanyane Etsa bonnete ba hore ts'ebetso e tloaelehileng ka har'a marang-rang a ho kenya letsoho le ho netefatsa botsitso ba motlakase oa AC.
4. Litsamaisong tsa matla a matla a matla a matla a photovoltaic a mahareng le a maholo, tlhahiso ea motlakase oa motlakase e lokela ho ba leqhubu la sine le nang le ho sotha ho fokolang.Lebaka ke hobane lits'ebetsong tsa matla a mahareng le a maholo, haeba matla a maqhubu a sekwere a sebelisoa, tlhahiso e tla ba le likarolo tse ngata tsa harmonic, 'me li-harmonics tse phahameng li tla hlahisa tahlehelo e eketsehileng.Mekhoa e mengata ea ho hlahisa matla a photovoltaic e jere lisebelisoa tsa puisano kapa lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa.Thepa e na le litlhoko tse phahameng ka boleng ba marang-rang a matla.Ha tsamaiso ea matla a matla a matla a photovoltaic a mahareng le a maholo a hokahane le marang-rang, e le ho qoba tšilafalo ea matla ka marang-rang a sechaba, inverter e boetse e hlokoa hore e hlahise motlakase oa sine wave.
Inverter e fetola motlakase o otlolohileng hore e be oa hona joale o fetohang.Haeba motlakase o tobileng oa hona joale o le tlaase, o matlafatsoa ke transformer ea hona joale e fetolang ho fumana motlakase o tloaelehileng oa motlakase le maqhubu.Bakeng sa li-inverters tse nang le matla a maholo, ka lebaka la matla a phahameng a libese tsa DC, tlhahiso ea AC hangata ha e hloke transformer ho nyolla motlakase ho 220V.Ka li-inverters tse mahareng le tse nyane, motlakase oa DC o batla o le tlase, joalo ka 12V, Bakeng sa 24V, potoloho ea boost e tlameha ho etsoa.Li-inverter tse nang le matla a mahareng le a manyane ka kakaretso li kenyelletsa li-circuits tsa push-pull inverter, li-circuits tsa inverter tse nang le borokho bo felletseng le li-circuits tsa boost inverter tse phahameng haholo.Li-circuits tsa push-pull li hokahanya plug e sa nke lehlakore ea motlakase oa motlakase ho phepelo e nepahetseng ea matla, le li-tubes tse peli tsa motlakase Mosebetsi o mong, o hlahisoang ke matla a AC, hobane li-transistors tsa matla li hokahane le maemo a tloaelehileng, li-circuits tsa drive le taolo li bonolo, 'me hobane transformer e na le inductance e itseng ea leakage, e ka fokotsa nako e khutšoanyane ea potoloho, kahoo e ntlafatsa ho tšepahala ha potoloho.Bothata ke hore ts'ebeliso ea transformer e tlase mme bokhoni ba ho khanna meroalo ea inductive bo bobe.
Potoloho ea inverter ea borokho bo felletseng e hlola mefokolo ea potoloho ea push-pull.Transistor ea matla e fetola bophara ba pulse ea tlhahiso, 'me boleng bo sebetsang ba motlakase oa AC bo fetoha ka tsela e nepahetseng.Hobane potoloho e na le loop ea freewheeling, leha e le bakeng sa meroalo e kenang, sebopeho sa maqhubu a motlakase se ke keng sa sotheha.Bothata ba potoloho ena ke hore li-transistors tsa matla tsa matsoho a ka holimo le a tlaase ha li arolelane fatše, kahoo ho lokela ho sebelisoa potoloho ea koloi e inehetseng kapa motlakase o ikemetseng.Ho phaella moo, e le ho thibela ho tsamaisoa ho tloaelehileng ha matsoho a borokho a ka holimo le a tlaase, potoloho e tlameha ho etsoa hore e koetsoe ebe e buloa, ke hore, nako e shoeleng e lokela ho behoa, 'me mohaho oa potoloho o thata haholoanyane.
Sephetho sa potoloho ea push-pull le potoloho e felletseng ea borokho e tlameha ho eketsa transformer ea mohato.Hobane transformer ea mohato o moholo ka boholo, e sebetsa ka tlase, 'me e theko e boima haholo, ka nts'etsopele ea theknoloji ea matla a elektroniki le microelectronics, theknoloji ea phetoho e phahameng ea maqhubu a phahameng e sebelisoa ho finyella reverse E ka lemoha inverter ea matla a phahameng a matla.Potoloho ea mohato o ka pele oa potoloho ena ea inverter e nka sebopeho sa push-pull, empa maqhubu a ho sebetsa a kaholimo ho 20KHz.Boost transformer e nka lisebelisoa tsa mantlha tsa maqhubu a phahameng haholo, ka hona e nyane ka boholo ebile e bobebe ka boima.Ka mor'a ho fetoha ha maqhubu a phahameng, e fetoloa ho fetola maqhubu a phahameng ka ho fetisisa ka mochine o motlakase o phahameng, 'me joale motlakase o tobileng (ka kakaretso o ka holimo ho 300V) o fumanoa ka potoloho e phahameng ea maqhubu a rectifier, ebe e kenngoa ka har'a potoloho ea matla a frequency inverter.
Ka sebopeho sena sa potoloho, matla a inverter a ntlafatsoa haholo, tahlehelo e se nang moroalo oa inverter e fokotsehile ka tsela e tšoanang, 'me katleho ea ntlafatsoa.Bothata ba potoloho ke hore potoloho e rarahane 'me ho tšepahala ho tlaase ho feta lipotoloho tse peli tse ka holimo.
Taolo ea potoloho ea potoloho ea inverter
Li-circuits tse ka sehloohong tsa li-inverters tse boletsoeng ka holimo kaofela li hloka ho hlokomeloa ke potoloho ea taolo.Ka kakaretso, ho na le mekhoa e 'meli ea ho laola: leqhubu la sekwere le leqhubu le letle le le fokolang.Potoloho ea motlakase ea inverter e nang le tlhahiso ea square wave e bonolo, e theko e tlase, empa e na le ts'ebetso e tlase ebile e kholo ka likarolo tsa harmonic..Sine wave tlhahiso ke mokhoa oa nts'etsopele oa li-inverters.Ka nts'etsopele ea theknoloji ea microelectronics, li-microprocessors tse nang le mesebetsi ea PWM le tsona li tsoile.Ka hona, theknoloji ea inverter bakeng sa tlhahiso ea sine wave e se e holile.
1. Li-inverters tse nang le square wave output hajoale hangata li sebelisa pulse-width modulation integrated circuits, tse kang SG 3 525, TL 494 joalo-joalo.Boikoetliso bo pakile hore ts'ebeliso ea li-circuits tse kopaneng tsa SG3525 le ts'ebeliso ea li-FET tsa matla joalo ka likarolo tsa motlakase tse fetohang li ka fihlela ts'ebetso e phahameng haholo le li-inverters tsa theko.Hobane SG3525 e na le bokhoni ba ho khanna matla a FET ka kotloloho 'me e na le mohloli oa litšupiso tsa kahare le amplifier ea ts'ebetso le ts'ebetso ea ts'ireletso ea undervoltage, ka hona, potoloho ea eona e bonolo haholo.
2. Potoloho e kopanetsoeng ea inverter e nang le tlhahiso ea sine wave, potoloho ea taolo ea inverter e nang le maqhubu a sine e ka laoloa ke microprocessor, e kang 80 C 196 MC e hlahisoang ke INTEL Corporation, mme e hlahisoa ke Motorola Company.MP 16 le PI C 16 C 73 e hlahisoang ke MI-CRO CHIP Company, joalo-joalo Lik'homphieutha tsena tsa single-chip li na le lijenereithara tse ngata tsa PWM, 'me li ka beha matsoho a holimo le a holimo a borokho.Nakong ea lefu, sebelisa 80 C 196 MC ea k'hamphani ea INTEL ho hlokomela potoloho ea sine wave output, 80 C 196 MC ho phethela tlhahiso ea leqhubu la sine, le ho lemoha matla a AC ho fihlela botsitso ba Voltage.
Khetho ea Lisebelisoa tsa Motlakase Potolohong e ka Sehloohong ea Inverter
Khetho ea likarolo tse kholo tsa matla amochini o kenya letsohoe bohlokoa haholo.Hajoale, likarolo tsa motlakase tse sebelisoang ka ho fetesisa li kenyelletsa Darlington power transistors (BJT), li-transistors tsa matla a motlakase (MOS-F ET), li-insulated gate transistors (IGB).T) le thyristor ea ho tima (GTO), joalo-joalo, lisebelisoa tse sebelisoang ka ho fetisisa lits'ebetsong tse nyane tsa motlakase o tlase ke MOS FET, hobane MOS FET e na le ho theoha ha motlakase o tlase ho boemo le ho feta The switching frequency ea IG BT hangata e sebedisoang litsamaisong tse matla haholo le tse nang le matla a maholo.Lebaka ke hobane khanyetso ea MOS FET ea boemo bo phahameng e eketseha ka keketseho ea motlakase, 'me IG BT e lits'ebetsong tsa Medium-capacity e nka monyetla o moholo, ha lits'ebetso tsa matla a maholo (ka holimo ho 100 kVA), li-GTO li sebelisoa hangata. e le likarolo tsa matla.
Nako ea poso: Oct-21-2021
